HEBERGEMENT HEBERGEUR INTERNET LAVAL QUEBEC WEB HOSTING : MIGRATION INTERNET SALSA LAVAL

Hebergement internet quebec laval video flash html web hosting hebergement hebergeur internet hébergeur hébergement conception creation site internet création site flash template flash templates video streaming video stream account A web hosting service is a type of Internet hosting service that allows individuals and organizations to provide their own websites accessible via the World Wide Web. Web hosts are companies that provide space on a server they own for use by their clients as well as providing Internet connectivity, typically in a data centre. Webhosts can also provide data centre space and connectivity to the Internet for servers they do not own to be located in their data centre, called colocation. The scopes of hosting services vary widely. The most basic is webpage and small-scale file hosting, where files can be uploaded via File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or a Web interface. The files are usually delivered to the Web "as is" or with little processing. Many Internet service providers (ISPs) offer this service for free to their subscribers. People can also obtain Web page hosting from other, alternative service providers. Personal web site hosting is typically free, advertisement-sponsored, or cheap. Business web site hosting often has a higher expense. Single page hosting is generally sufficient only for personal web pages. A complex site calls for a more comprehensive package that provides database support and application development platforms (e.g. PHP, Java, and ASP.NET). These facilities allow the customers to write or install scripts for applications like forums and content management. For e-commerce, SSL is also required. The host may also provide an interface control panel (e.g. cPanel, Plesk or others) for managing the Web server and installing scripts as well as other services like e-mail. Recently, Web.com holds many patents it claims cover broad methods for website building and web control panels. Hostopia, a large wholesale host, recently purchased a license to use that technology from web.com for 10% of retail revenues[1]. Web.com recently sued Go Daddy as well for similar patent infringement [2]. Some hosts specialize in certain software or services (e.g. e-commerce). They are commonly used by larger companies to outsource network infrastructure to a hosting company. To find a web hosting company, there are searchable directories that can be used. One must be extremely careful when searching for a new company due to the fact that many of the people promoting service providers are actually affiliates and the reviews are biased. Hosting uptime refers to the percentage of time the host is accessible via the internet. Many providers state that they aim for a 99.9% uptime, but there may be server restarts and planned (or unplanned) maintenance in any hosting environment. A common claim from the popular hosting providers is '99% or 99.9% server uptime' but this often refers only to a server being powered on and doesn't account for network downtime. Real downtime can potentially be larger than the percentage guaranteed by the provider. Many providers tie uptime, and accessibility, into their own Service Level Agreement, or SLA. SLAs may or may not include refunds, or reduced costs if performance goals are not met. One must be extremely careful when selecting a new company and they should read all terms and conditions carefully. A potential customer should also check out the web hosting company's acceptable use policy (AUP) in order to avoid potential cancellation of services due to activities that are considered a violation. Internet hosting services can run Web servers; see Internet hosting services. Hosting services limited to the Web: Free web hosting service: is free, (sometimes) advertisement-supported web hosting, and is often limited when compared to paid hosting. Shared web hosting service: one's Web site is placed on the same server as many other sites, ranging from a few to hundreds or thousands. Typically, all domains may share a common pool of server resources, such as RAM and the CPU. A shared website may be hosted with a reseller. Reseller web hosting: allows clients to become web hosts themselves. Resellers could function, for individual domains, under any combination of these listed types of hosting, depending on who they are affiliated with as a provider. Resellers' accounts may vary tremendously in size: they may have their own virtual dedicated server to a colocated server. Virtual Dedicated Server: slicing up a server into virtual servers. each user feels like they're on their own dedicated server, but they're actually sharing a server with many other users. The users may have root access to their own virtual space. Dedicated hosting service: the user gets his or her own Web server and gains full control over it (root access for Linux/administrator access for Windows); however, the user typically does not own the server. Another type of Dedicated hosting is Self-Managed or Unmanaged. This is usually the least expensive for Dedicated plans. The user has full administrative access to the box, which means the client is responsible for the security and maintenance of his own dedicated box. Managed hosting service: the user gets his or her own Web server but is not allowed full control over it (root access for Linux/administrator access for Windows); however, they are allowed to manage their data via FTP or other remote management tools. The user is disallowed full control so that the provider can guarantee quality of service by not allowing the user to modify the server or potentially create configuration problems. The user typically does not own the server. The server is leased to the client. Colocation web hosting service: similar to the dedicated web hosting service, but the user owns the colo server; the hosting company provides physical space that the server takes up and takes care of the server. This is the most powerful and expensive type of the web hosting service. In most cases, the colocation provider may provide little to no support directly for their client's machine, providing only the electrical, Internet access, and storage facilities for the server. In most cases for colo, the client would have his own administrator visit the data center on site to do any hardware upgrades or changes. Clustered hosting: having multiple servers hosting the same content for better resource utilization. Some specific types of hosting provided by web host service providers: File hosting service: hosts not web pages but files Image hosting service Video hosting service Blog hosting service One-click hosting Shopping cart software [edit] Obtaining hosting Web hosting is often provided as part of a general Internet access plan; there are many free and paid providers offering these services. A customer needs to evaluate the requirements of the application to choose what kind of hosting to use. Such considerations include database server software, scripting software, and operating system. Most hosting providers provide Linux-based web hosting which offers a wide range of different software. A typical configuration for a Linux server is the LAMP platform: Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP/Perl/Python. The webhosting client may want to have other services, such as email for their business domain, databases or multi-media services for streaming media. A customer may also choose Windows for its hosting platform. The customer still can choose from PHP, Perl, and Python but may also use ASP .Net or Classic ASP. Web hosting packages often include a Web Content Management System, so the end-user doesn't have to worry about the more technical aspects. One may also search the Internet to find active webhosting message boards that may provide feedback on what type of webhosting company may suit his/her needs. Un hébergeur Internet (ou hébergeur Web) a pour vocation de mettre à disposition des internautes des sites internet gérés par des tiers. Il donne ainsi accès à tous les internautes au contenu déposé dans leurs comptes par les webmestres souvent via un logiciel FTP ou un gestionnaire de fichiers. Pour cela, il maintient des ordinateurs connectés 24 heures sur 24 au réseau internet (des serveurs Web) par une connexion à très haut débit (plusieurs centaines de mbps), sur lesquels sont installés des logiciels : serveur HTTP (souvent Apache), serveur de messagerie, de base de données ... Concentration des serveurs hôtes de l'Internet projetée sur une carte politique du Monde ; chiffres obtenus en 2005.Sommaire [masquer] 1 L'activité 2 IP et DNS 3 Les catégories d'hébergement 4 Législation 5 Voir aussi 6 Liens externes L'activité [modifier] La principale activité de l'hébergeur internet consiste à installer ses serveurs, à les sécuriser (par une alimentation électrique ondulée, secourue par un groupe électrogène, une salle climatisée équipée de dispositifs anti-incendie), à les tenir à jour en installant les mises à jour de sécurité pour éviter les attaques malveillantes, à les réparer en cas de panne, à y installer les technologies logicielles souhaitées par les clients ou qu'il souhaite leur offrir (comme les langages de programmation internet et les modules supplémentaires de ces langages). IP et DNS [modifier] Lorsqu'un visiteur demande une page à son navigateur Web, celui-ci interroge des serveurs DNS pour connaître l'adresse IP du serveur hébergeant ce site. Dès qu'il obtient la réponse, le navigateur va interroger ce serveur et lui demander cette page. Le serveur web va alors chercher la page sur son ou ses disques durs (s'il s'agit d'une page statique), ou la fabriquer à l'aide d'un script (s'il s'agit d'une page dynamique), puis l'envoyer au navigateur, qui l'affiche sur l'écran du visiteur. Il peut être important de localiser l'endroit où l'hébergeur a ses serveurs. La plupart des moteurs de recherches se basent aussi sur la localisation des serveurs afin d'effectuer le référencement d'un site web. Si votre site vise des internautes francophones, en France, Belgique, Suisse ou Québec, il est plutôt conseillé de prendre un hébergeur ayant des serveurs en France. Les catégories d'hébergement [modifier] La plupart des offres d'hébergement sont regroupées en trois grandes catégories : les hébergements partagés ou mutualisés : Chaque serveur héberge plusieurs sites, jusqu'à plusieurs milliers, et ce dans le but de mutualiser les coûts. Le principal avantage est le prix, le principal inconvénient est que le client mutualisé n'est pas l'administrateur du serveur, il est donc souvent tributaire du bon vouloir de l'hébergeur s'il souhaite une technologie particulière. Dans certaines configurations d'hébergement mutualisé, l'utilisateur peut être administrateur d'un serveur virtuel sur lequel son site est déployé. Il continue cependant à partager les ressources système avec les autres clients mutualisés. les hébergements dédiés : Le client dispose alors de son propre serveur, et peut en général l'administrer comme il le souhaite, ce qui est le principal avantage de ce type d'offre. Les inconvénients sont : le prix beaucoup plus élevé que les hébergements mutualisés, et le besoin de compétences pour administrer la machine correctement. Une variante proche est l'hébergement virtuel dédié via un hyperviseur qui offre au client la souplesse d'un dédié (le client administre sa machine à sa convenance) en lui fournissant une machine virtuelle qui utilise une partie des ressources d'un serveur (physique) par des techniques de virtualisation (informatique) les hébergements dédiés dits "managés" ou "clés en main" : Le client dispose de son propre serveur mais les techniciens de l'hébergeur s'occupent de sa gestion système. Cette solution est parfaite si vous n'avez aucune connaissance technique sur son administration. Il suffit simplement de déposer son site. Ce type d'hébergement cherche à s'adapter aux besoins. La Collocation : L'hébergeur met - dans son datacenter - un espace à disposition du client, de sorte qu'il puisse placer son propre serveur à l'intérieur. (La plupart du temps dans des armoires spéciales nommées racks ou baie) L'hébergeur met également à disposition du client un câble d'alimentation électrique et un câble ethernet pour qu'il puisse alimenter et connecter son serveur au réseau internet. Ce système est censé couter moins cher, vu que la location du serveur n'est pas comprise, mais les systèmes de sécurité et des badges dans les datacenters peuvent couter plus cher que la location. La plupart des hébergeurs sont payants, il en reste quelques gratuits, le plus souvent il s'agit d'offres d'appel pour leurs prestations payantes, plus riches en fonctionnalités et plus performantes.